Farm Census

Umatilla County, Oregon

Farms, crops and livestock in the 2022 Census of Agriculture

1,616 farms1,491,922 acres in farms$526 million in farm sales

No other county in Oregon with a published figure has more land in farms or wheat than Umatilla County.

Its largest product group with a published figure, grains and oilseeds, makes up 33.2% of farm sales, against 8.5% across Oregon.

Grains and oilseeds: 33.2%Grains and oilseeds33.2%Vegetables and melons: 30.7%Vegetables and melons30.7%Hay and other crops: 12.7%Hay and other crops12.7%Withheld groups: 11.8%Withheld groups11.8%Cattle and calves: 10.6%Cattle and calves10.6%Other animals: 0.4%Horses and mules: 0.3%Sheep and goats: 0.3%Christmas trees: under 0.1%Grains and oilseeds: 33.2%Grains and oilseeds33.2%Vegetables and melons: 30.7%30.7%Hay and other crops: 12.7%12.7%Withheld groups: 11.8%11.8%Cattle and calves: 10.6%10.6%Other animals: 0.4%Horses and mules: 0.3%Sheep and goats: 0.3%Christmas trees: under 0.1%
Farm sales by product group, 2022, sized by value. Withheld to protect individual farms: fruit and nuts, nursery and greenhouse crops, milk, hogs and pigs and poultry and eggs.
Sales by product group
Product groupSalesRank in state
Grains, oilseeds, dry beans and dry peas$175 million1st of 27
Vegetables, melons and potatoes$161 million2nd of 27
Hay and other crops$66.8 million4th of 31
Cattle and calves$55.8 million5th of 33
Other animals and animal products$1.8 million4th of 24
Horses, ponies, mules, burros and donkeys$1.4 million3rd of 29
Sheep, goats, wool, mohair and goat milk$1.4 million7th of 31
Christmas trees and short-rotation woody crops$64,00012th of 16

What the fields held

Umatilla County harvested 359,788 acres of cropland in 2022, first of 36 counties in Oregon. Wheat covered acreage equal to 65% of that, hay and haylage 13%.

CropAcresShare of US
Wheat234,9990.63%
Hay and haylage46,2880.09%
Vegetables33,0040.77%
of which potatoes14,9131.4%
Corn for grain9,946under 0.1%
Orchard land3,9180.06%
of which grapes1,1300.10%
of which apples2,0090.49%
Corn for silage2,438under 0.1%
Canola1,7790.08%
Barley1,7770.07%
Berries3140.09%

Withheld to protect individual farms: soybeans, sugar beets and sunflower.

How much of the county is farmland

Share of the county land in farms72.5%

Umatilla County ranks fourth of 36 counties in Oregon on this measure.

  • 708,548 acres of cropland, 47% of farmland
  • 735,471 acres of pastureland, 49% of farmland
  • 214,782 acres of woodland, 14% of farmland
  • 132,558 acres irrigated

Farm sizes

The typical farm in Umatilla County is smaller than the national median of 72 acres, at 27 acres. The average, pulled up by the largest operations, is 923 acres, 14th-largest of 36 in Oregon. The most common size class is 1–9 acres, with 34.2% of farms. Farms of 1,000 acres or more are 16.2% of the total.

1–934%10–4923%50–17912%180–4998%500–9996%1,000–1,9995%2,000+11%
Umatilla County US · farms by size

Barns, pens and pastures

AnimalsHeadShare of US
Sheep and lambs8,3550.16%
Horses and ponies2,1670.09%
Cattle and calves65,1690.07%
Goats1,3760.05%
Hogs and pigs129under 0.1%
Turkeys153under 0.1%
Broilers sold in 20221,060under 0.1%

Withheld: beef cows, milk cows and laying hens.

Who farms here

Decisions on Umatilla County's 1,616 farms are made by 3,122 producers. Their average age is 58.7, 0.1 years above the Oregon average. Women are 40.1% of them.

Under 357%35–4414%45–5417%55–6423%65–7426%75+14%
Umatilla County US · producers by age

Five years earlier

Measure2017Change to 2022
Farms1,724−6.3%
Land in farms, acres1,352,241+10.3%
Average farm size, acres784+17.7%
Farm products sold (current dollars)$375 million+40.3%
Potatoes, acres14,538+2.6%
Vegetables, acres42,269−21.9%
Wheat, acres286,223−17.9%
Apples, acres2,395−16.1%

Nearest rivals

Counties with a similar sales mix

Umatilla County accounts for 7.8% of farm sales in Oregon and 4.5% of the farms in Oregon. Rank Oregon counties for potatoes.

Source: USDA NASS Census of Agriculture. How to read these pages.